Cortex phellodendri is one of the 50 fundamental herbs in Traditional Chinese Medicine, with its bark used to treat meningitis, liver cirrhosis, bacillary dysentery, pneumonia, tuberculosis etc. Established therapeutic activities include immune modulation, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antibacterial, anticancer, hypotensive, antiarrhythmic, antioxidant, antigastric ulcer, and antipyretic properties, etc. Plants of the Phellodendron genus are rich in bright-yellow berberine and related alkaloids, and also contain flavonoids, coumarins, lignans, and limonoids.